Pixels explained pixel-by-pixel

Back to the pixels housing characters. This image is in fact saved simply in text format, with file extension ‘.txt’. Completely rudimentary. Formats like jpg, gif, png etc would have been taken larger diskspace. We can in fact count how much diskspace we need for this text file. We have 86 rows of pixels. Each row consists of 147 columns of pixels, plus an invisible ‘newline’ or ‘carriage return’ marker at the end. Without these invisible newline markers, our image would have been a single row of 86 x 147 columns of pixels and we won’t be able to make out any anatomy. No, that’s not what we want. So we do need the invisible newline markers, which take up their small share of diskspace. The diskspace of the text file is therefore 86 x (147+1) = 12728 bytes.